Cash resources are critical to any economic unit and balancing the exciting cash and cash needs of the business units is a key factor in the economic health and sustainability activities. On the other hand, as far as inflation is concerned, most Iranian companies prefer to convert their cash into other assets.
Although this common phenomenon is a resistance shield against inflation, the secondary effect is that the maturity of companies will be in distressed debt and the reputation of the organization will hurt. Experience has shown that most companies that have faced financial distress and bankruptcy have suffered the mismanagement of working capital as well as the weaknesses in the management of cash too.
This study examines the inter-organization and extern-organization factors effecting the cash holdings in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2002 - 2011.This research considers focusing on property, crashes obtained from operations, company size, sum of fixed assets and non-dividend profits as inter-organization factors and inflation variables rates , liquidity, gold prices, oil prices and exchange prices as exogenous factors to examine the impact of them on corporate cash holdings. The results of the analysis of 95 companies during 2002 - 2011 using multivariate regression analysis, correlation and the 95% confidence level indicates that operating cash flow variables, firm size, the sum of fixed assets, the absence of dividends, inflation, liquidity and exchange rates have significant relationship with corporate cash holdings. Our results also indicate lack of significant relation between ownership concentration variables, the gold and oil prices and the level of cash holdings.